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Report (any type)/Brief report
22/09/2021
is directly proportional to the .
(PH) or (-log[H^+])=(-E/0.059)
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pH affects the Gibbs free energy.
The pH is given by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log { [A-]/[HA] }
where Ka is the equilibrium constant for the reaction
HA —> H+ + A-
As we know ka = [H+][A-] / [HA]
and pKa = – log Ka .
Ka is itself a function of temperature, since it is related to
the Gibbs free energy of reaction (delta G) by the equation
delta G = – RT ln Ka = -2.303 RT log Ka = 2.303 RT * pKa
so we have
pkA = delta G / (2.303 RT)
delta G is itself given by
delta G = delta H – T * delta S
where delta H is the enthalpy of reaction and delta S is the entropy
of reaction. Combining these, we get
pKa = (delta H / (2.303 RT)) – (delta S / (2.303 R))
The variation with temperature is determined by the sign of delta H.
For example, if delta H is positive (endothermic dissociation),
pKa gets smaller as the temperature gets larger.
Decrease in pKa amounts to an increase in Ka, which means that the reaction favors dissociation more as temperature increases (in
agreement with LeChatelier’s principle). This increases [H+] and
decreases the pH.
If the reaction is exothermic the opposite effect will be observed. Either way, we expect the pH to depend on temperature.
Biological systems can use enzyme-catalyzed reactions to keep the pH constant even when T varies.
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